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Macbeth

By William Shakespeare

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Chapter 53,250 wordsCompleted

Scene I – Dunsinane, Lady Macbeth’s chamber: A doctor and a gentlewoman watch a tormented, sleep‑walking Lady Macbeth who obsessively washes imagined blood from her hands, cries “Out, damned spot!” and rattles about the murders. The doctor declares her madness beyond his cure and orders constant watch.
Scene II – Countryside near Dunsinane: Scottish nobles (Menteith, Caithness, Angus, Lennox) rally to Malcolm’s invading force, noting the English army led by Malcolm, Siward and Macduff. They comment on Macbeth’s tyranny and the guilt that stains his hands.
Scene III – Dunsinane, Macbeth’s hall: Macbeth, defiant, repeats the witches’ prophecies – no man born of woman can harm him and Birnam wood will not move to Dunsinage. He rebukes a servant who brings news of the enemy, orders his armor, and demands a cure for his wife’s madness, which the doctor says only the patient can provide.
Scene IV – Birnam Wood: Malcolm, Siward, Macduff and their troops arrive. Malcolm orders each soldier to cut branches and carry them as camouflage, planning to make the wood appear to move toward Dunsinane as foretold.
Scene V – Dunsinane castle: Seyton reports Lady Macbeth’s death. Macbeth delivers the “tomorrow, and tomorrow” soliloquy on life’s futility. A messenger reports that Birnam wood appears to move; Macbeth curses the messenger but resolves to fight, still trusting the witches.
Scene VI – The plain before the castle: Malcolm’s forces, now bearing branches, position for battle. Malcolm urges his troops forward, promising victory.
Scene VII – Battlefield: Macbeth, armored, confronts Young Siward. After a brief duel Young Siward is slain, yet Macbeth still believes he cannot be killed by anyone “not born of woman.”
Scene VIII – Final clash: Macduff confronts Macbeth. Macbeth repeats his “no man born” boast; Macduff reveals he was delivered by Caesarean section, thus not “born.” Macbeth realizes the witches’ equivocation but refuses to yield. They fight fiercely; Macduff kills Macbeth.
Scene IX – After the battle: Malcolm, Siward, Ross and the victorious forces gather. They learn Young Siward has fallen. Macduff enters bearing Macbeth’s severed head, hails Malcolm as king. Malcolm announces the restoration of order, punishment of traitors, and a coronation at Scone, ending the play.

Running Summary
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Through chapter 5

Three witches greet Macbeth with prophecies that he will become Thane of Cawdor and eventually king. King Duncan names his son Malcolm Prince of Cumberland, creating an obstacle to Macbeth’s rise. Macbeth wrestles with ambition, while Lady Macbeth urges him to murder Duncan, and they plot the regicide. Macbeth murders King Duncan; Lady Macbeth drugs the guards and attempts to frame them; Macbeth is haunted by visions and guilt; Macduff and Lennox discover the murder and raise alarm; Duncan’s sons Malcolm and Donalbain flee Scotland, casting suspicion on themselves; Macbeth is proclaimed Thane of Cawdor and consort is crowned queen, while strange omens are reported. Macbeth plots Banquo’s murder, hires three murderers, and sees Banquo slain while Fleance escapes. At the banquet Banquo’s ghost appears, exposing Macbeth’s guilt. The witches, chastised by Hecate, prepare new deceptive visions. Lennox and a lord note the fallout: Banquo dead, Fleance fled, and Macduff has gone to England to seek aid for Malcolm and Donalbain, foreshadowing rising opposition. Macbeth receives three apparitions that convince him he cannot be harmed, he learns Macduff has fled, and orders the murder of Macduff’s wife and son. Malcolm and Macduff meet in England, exchange bitter words, and prepare an English army to march on Scotland. Ross brings the horrible news of Lady Macduff’s slaughter, spurring Macduff to vengeance. Lady Macbeth dies; Macbeth clings to the witches’ prophecies, dismisses the moving Birnam wood, and delivers his famous “tomorrow” soliloquy. The English‑Scottish army advances under Malcolm, using branches to make Birnam appear to move. In the final battle Macduff confronts Macbeth, reveals he was “from his mother’s womb untimely ripped,” and kills him. Malcolm is proclaimed king and order is restored.