Back to Book Overview

XVI

Chapter 162,443 wordsCompleted

As the academic year ends, the seminary prepares subdeacon ordinations for a few senior students, including fifth‑year Bronius Radastinas. A sudden notice announces that Radastinas is not only barred from the ceremony but expelled from the seminary. The rector, trying to avoid scandal, had offered Radastinas a voluntary resignation, which the stubborn young man refused, leading to his forced removal. Radastinas, a wealthy aristocrat accustomed to fine clothes and elegant habits, had long cultivated an elite circle of similarly privileged friends and looked down on other seminarians.

The rector, enraged, patrols the corridors, interrogates Radastinas’s friends, and a few weeks later gathers the entire assembly. He reads a handwritten note—supposedly a letter from Radastinas addressed to an unnamed recipient in the audience—out loud, emphasizing that the expelled student’s removal was justified because he endangered the community with “dangerous acquaintances” and moral laxity. Liudas Vasaris sits “as if dead,” feeling the words cut into him; his classmate Kasaitis leans on his elbow, startled by the intensity of the rector’s gaze. The rector warns all seminarians that any illicit contacts, especially with the opposite sex, will lead to expulsion and that strict spiritual vigilance is required.

After the rector’s speech, the seminary announces that the third‑year will receive four minor orders, a traditional step that grants limited liturgical functions but does not bind them forever to the priesthood. The novices undergo tonsure; the ceremony includes symbolic actions such as cutting a lock of hair, ringing a bell, and turning a key, observed with a mix of solemnity and nervous smiles. Liudas participates, feeling that he has conquered his “dangerous acquaintance” with a woman—namely Liucė—and that his conscience is clear, yet the ritual leaves him emotionally muted.

Later, Jonelaitis meets Liudas in the garden and shows him a letter from the third‑year clerk Varnėnas. Varnėnas writes that he has read Liudas’s latest poems, noting technical improvement but describing the verses as cold and lacking feeling. He encourages Liudas to continue writing, praising his skill while cautioning him about “dangerous letters” that could reach the seminary. This exchange highlights Liudas’s growing reputation as a poet and the tension between his literary ambitions and the seminary’s strict policies.

Throughout the chapter, Liudas reflects on his lingering affection for Liucė, his fear of falling into sinful companionship, and his struggle to reconcile his poetic talent with the expectations of a future priest. The scandal of Radastinas, the rector’s admonitions, the minor‑order ceremony, and Varnėnas’s commentary together intensify Liudas’s inner turmoil and sharpen his awareness of the seminary’s moral and political climate.

Running Summary
Cumulative summary through the selected chapter (not the full-book final summary).
Through chapter 16

Liudas Vasaris awakens in the seminary, learns the strict daily bell schedule, experiences his first communion in the chapel, and begins adjusting to life among fellow first‑year seminarians. The seminary’s hierarchy is detailed: the bishop’s authority is limited, the rector (Valeškevičius) oversees daily life and grants permissions, Inspector Mazurkovskis enforces Polish traditions, and the spiritual father administers confessions. First‑year seminarians perform numerous chores (cleaning, serving meals, assisting in liturgies) and must master Polish and Latin while receiving only minimal Lithuanian instruction. Political tension over language rights fuels patriotic unrest among the seminarians. Liudas, looking back years later, recalls these routines, the strict punctuality, and the mixture of spiritual practice with menial labor. Liudas wrestles with the emptiness of his liturgical routine, adopts a two‑part conscience‑examination method with counting beads, confesses emerging sins such as pride, envy and criticism of elders, experiences a winter‑time scramble for a hidden bench by a wall niche, and during the Easter break a fellow seminarian (the formarijus) points out his overly closed and secretive nature, deepening his self‑awareness. After Easter, Vasaris walks with fellow first‑year seminarians Jonas Variokas and discusses his cynical ambition to climb the church hierarchy, which triggers deeper self‑doubt about his vocation. Vasaris observes the seminary’s strict rule against close friendships and notes the scarcity of truly pious peers. He and Variokas view a provocative illustration of a nude, bound woman, prompting Vasaris to confess to the spiritual father about his indecent curiosity. The chapter also recounts the earlier mishap of acolyte Balselis trying to extinguish candles. Variokas announces his departure and leaves the seminary; Liudas meets his parents for the first time in the seminary’s parlatorium and experiences humiliating address as “kunigėli,” fuelling his awareness of reputation and the need for secrecy; a clandestine gathering in the “zirkininkas” storage room erupts with food, Latin verses and heated jokes; third‑year clerk Jonelaitis and fellow clerk Kasaitis join the scene, discussing the monotony of seminary life and urging private initiative; Liudas reinforces his habit of hiding during silentium and carefully monitoring rector and inspector movements. Liudas finishes his first year, receives stern holiday conduct instructions from the spiritual father and rector, travels home and experiences an overwhelming connection with nature, returns to his village, is welcomed by his parents, begins parish life under a local priest, reunites with Petryla, observes clergy’s drinking and a strict vicar, meets the barmaid Liucė, and reflects on his vocation amid the contrast between seminary asceticism and village realities. After the St Laurence indulgences Liudas recalls a tense encounter with the vicar of Šilučiai, deepens his infatuation with Liucė by learning her orphaned background and musical talent, meets the young, aristocratic vicar Zigmas Trikauskas who arrives with Liucė, witnesses Trikauskas’ arrogance and the clever manipulation of the local klebon Kimša, and participates in a heated village discussion about Lithuanian cultural‑political issues, all of which intensify his inner doubts and his awkward, failed attempt at intimacy with Liucė. Liudas enters his second year of seminary, moving from the cramped “labirintas” to a small shared room of four, no longer under constant supervision by a formarijus. He develops his first romantic and erotic attraction toward Liucė, wrestling with seminary teachings on celibacy. After a few weeks he is ordered by Inspector Mazurkovskis to relinquish his room and return to the labirintas; he protests, is mocked, and is forced to move back, feeling humiliation. Later he confesses a vague “excessive opposition” and receives stern admonition from the Spiritual Father, settling into resigned acceptance of the hierarchy. Liudas participates in the great Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary indulgence celebration; his choir talents free him from assistant duties and earn him praise; during the mass he experiences a vivid vision of an unknown woman, idealizing her as a poetic love; the celebratory atmosphere lifts his spirits and earns him admiration from fellow seminarians; Petryla informs Liudas that Liucė will visit the seminary soon, heightening his anticipation; after the festivities Liudas returns to the labirintas and falls asleep, still haunted by the vision. Liudas experiences a melancholic “quies” day, imagines an unknown woman, writes his first poem, receives his poem printed in a newspaper, and is initiated into the clandestine literary society “Šviesa,” meeting third‑year clerk Petras Varnėnas and fourth‑year clerk Matas Sereika. Liudas receives an unexpected Christmas‑time visit from the priest Kimša and Liucė; the three meet in the parlatorium where Liucė brings hand‑knitted gloves and playful banter ensues with Petryla, who jokes about Liudas’s nickname “Pavasarėlis” and warns him of possible jealousy. Liudas’s attraction to Liucė deepens, prompting a long internal debate about love, its forms, and the conflict between clerical celibacy and youthful desire, while he reflects on the seminary’s festive atmosphere and his own emotional turmoil. During the Carnival season the seminarians organize “pončkos” festivities and a “Šviesa” society meeting to plan a literary program. Varnėnas, a third‑year clerk, volunteers to recite Maironis’s poem “Skausmo balsas” at the society’s stage. His loud, confrontational performance provokes outrage from the rector, Inspector Mazurkovskis, the chaplain and other senior clergy, who interrupt, question the poem’s author, and chastise Varnėnas for breaching the rule that no seminary member may publish or distribute writings without the rector’s permission. The rector publicly rebukes Varnėnas, expels him from the “Šviesa” circle and warns him that his literary ambitions are dangerous for a priest. The incident deepens Vasaris’s anxiety about his own poetic aspirations and the clash between Lithuanian nationalist sentiment and the seminary’s Polish‑dominant authority. The chapter also records heightened Lithuanian‑Polish tensions, the continued secret reading of Lithuanian and foreign literature, and the admonition that seminary curricula omit classic world literature. Varnėnas is expelled and Vasaris spends his holidays at his family farm, repeatedly climbing the Aušrakalnis hill where he writes nature‑inspired poetry and reflects on the limits of priestly idealism. He deepens his secret love for Liucė, attempts a belated visit to her home and receives a cold reception. Later Liucė, accompanied by Trikauskas, visits the seminary; during the visit Vasaris is publicly mocked by the outspoken student Brazgys, who denounces seminarians’ hypocrisy. A surprising visit from the Kleviškis organist and the priest’s female relative brings Liucė to Vasaris’s home, where they walk the garden together but Liucė remains distant. Vasaris ends the chapter in solitary melancholy, still longing for Liucė and questioning his vocation. Liudas is placed in a hostile room with four Polish seminarians who repeatedly mock and undermine him, highlighting heightened Lithuanian‑Polish tensions. He endures third‑year moral theology lectures, participates in a demanding confession case presented by a professor involving a penitent named Kajus and a disputed kiss, and continues his secret diary writing hidden in the “žirkininkas” food box, deepening his sense of emptiness and disillusionment with theological study. Liudas continues to record his bleak daily routine, wrestles with doubts about priesthood, receives encouragement from his friend Eigulis to write poetry, his father visits with snacks, Liucė confesses her longing and reveals her mother is a Polish countess, and Liudas fantasizes about a romantic encounter with her in an abandoned manor, deepening his inner conflict between clerical duty and personal desire. The scandal of fifth‑year seminarians Bronius Radastinas’s expulsion is revealed, the rector reads a public condemnatory letter to the seminarians, Liudas Vasaris is shaken by the incident, the third‑year receives lower minor orders and undergoes tonsure, Jonelaitis receives a letter from Varnėnas commenting on Liudas’s poetry, and Liudas’s inner conflict between his poetic aspirations, love for Liucė, and clerical duties deepens.